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Urology

Partial Penectomy

Partial Penectomy Surgery in India

When there are malignant (cancerous) cells in or on the tissue of the penis, this is referred to as penile cancer. The penis is the external male reproductive organ responsible for both reproduction and urination. The most common type of penile cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, however, other cancers such as melanoma, verrucous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Paget’s disease of the penis), basal cell carcinoma and sarcoma can occur.

Men at higher risk for developing penile cancer include smokers, the uncircumcised, those with human papillomavirus (HPV) or AIDS, men over 60 years old, men with a history of UV light treatment for psoriasis and men with conditions such as phimosis (tight foreskin) or smegma (secretions under the foreskin).

How is staging performed?

Once a diagnosis of penile cancer has been made or if there is suspicion that the disease is present, your healthcare provider will typically obtain additional testing to determine the stage of cancer, which may include:

Physical Exam: This is a general physical exam which will include an exam of the penis and surrounding tissues.

Biopsy: A biopsy is taken to evaluate the abnormal tissues and diagnose the condition. Types of biopsy for diagnosing penile cancer include fine needle biopsy (FNA), incisional biopsy, excisional biopsy, sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or lymph node dissection.

Radiologic Imaging: Imaging such as CT scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound and/or a chest X-ray may be used to further evaluate the extent of your cancer.

Penile cancer spreads to other parts of the body through the tissue, lymph and blood systems. Cancer stage determines how extensive the cancer is, how far it has spread and what treatment course will be recommended. For penile cancer, doctors will use the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging system, which will provide your healthcare team with information on the extent of the tumor (T), spread to the lymph nodes (N) and distant metastasis (spread) (M). The TNM values are then combined to determine a stage of I through IV.

What is a penectomy and how is it performed?

Often times, it may be recommended that men with penile cancer undergo surgery. In certain situations removal of the penis (called penectomy), in part or in whole, may be recommended; additional procedures may accompany the penectomy and include removal of the scrotum and lymph nodes.

Partial Penectomy: This involves removing the end of the penis, leaving the shaft intact.

Total Penectomy: This involves removing the entire penis, with the new creation of a urinary opening between the scrotum and anus- perineal urethrostomy.

Emasculation: During emasculation, the penis and testicles are removed. Typically, this is performed to treat advanced cancers.

Lymph Node Removal: In certain circumstances, some lymph nodes may need to be removed; typically this is reserved for deep tissue invasion.

Sentinel Lymph Node Removal: It may be necessary to remove a lymph node, called the sentinel node. During the procedure, a special dye or radioactive substance is used and injected near the cancerous tumor; the first lymph node to be seen with dye is removed for evaluation. If there is cancer, then additional lymph nodes will be removed; if no cancer is present, further lymph node removal is not necessary.

Inguinal Lymph Node Removal: Through an incision made in the groin, inguinal lymph nodes are removed for evaluation.

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